Define Henry’s law.

Henry's law states that the amount of a gas dissolved in a liquid at a constant temperature is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas in the gas phase. In simpler terms, it explains how the solubility of a gas in a liquid increases as the pressure of the gas above the liquid increases, while the temperature remains constant.

Mathematically, Henry's law can be expressed as:

C = k * P

Where:

C is the concentration of the dissolved gas in the liquid.
k is the Henry's law constant for a specific gas-liquid system, representing the proportionality constant between concentration and pressure.
P is the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid.
Henry's law is particularly relevant to various scientific fields, such as chemistry, physics, and environmental science, where the behavior of gases in liquids is of interest. It explains phenomena like the way carbon dioxide dissolves in carbonated beverages or how oxygen dissolves in water to support aquatic life.