Do alkali metals react with water?

Yes, alkali metals, such as sodium (Na), potassium (K), and lithium (Li), react vigorously with water. This reaction is highly exothermic, meaning it releases a significant amount of heat. When an alkali metal comes into contact with water, it undergoes a chemical reaction in which it donates an electron to the water molecule, producing metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas (H2).

The general reaction for alkali metals (M) reacting with water (H2O) is as follows:

2M + 2H2O -> 2MOH + H2

For example, when sodium (Na) reacts with water, it forms sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and releases hydrogen gas:

2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2

This reaction can be quite violent, especially for potassium, which is more reactive than sodium. The heat generated by the reaction can ignite the hydrogen gas produced, leading to a flame or even an explosion in the case of potassium.

It's essential to handle alkali metals with care when performing these reactions due to their reactivity with water and the potential hazards associated with the release of flammable hydrogen gas.