What is an emulsifying agent? Give one example?

An emulsifying agent, also known as an emulsifier, is a substance that helps stabilize and facilitate the formation of an emulsion, which is a mixture of two or more immiscible liquids, such as oil and water. Emulsifying agents work by reducing the surface tension between the two phases, allowing them to mix more easily and form a stable dispersion.

One example of an emulsifying agent is lecithin, which is commonly found in egg yolks and soybeans. Lecithin contains phospholipids that have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) properties, making it effective at dispersing oil droplets in water or vice versa. It is often used in food products like mayonnaise, salad dressings, and chocolate to prevent separation and improve texture.