Question 9:Explain how soil pollution and soil erosion could be prevented

The persistent build-up of toxic compounds in the soil is defined as soil pollution. To prevent soil pollution, its causes must be controlled. (i) Plastics and polythene bags destroy the fertility of soil. Hence, they should be disposed properly and if possible, their use should be avoided. (ii) Some waste products from industries and homes pollute soil. These pollutants should be treated chemically to make them harmless before they are disposed. (iii) Other pollutants of soil include pesticides and insecticides. Therefore, excessive use of these substances should be avoided. Prevention of soil erosion: Removal of the upper fertile layer of the soil (top soil) by strong wind and flowing water is known as soil erosion. Roots of plants bind the soil firmly and prevent soil erosion. Absence of plants leads to soil erosion. Therefore, soil erosion can be prevented by planting trees and checking indiscriminate cutting of trees.