What is rolling friction?

Dear Priyajit


A force which opposes the motion of any body which is rolling over the surface of another.

Rolling resistance, sometimes called rolling friction or rolling drag, is the resistance 

that occurs when a round object such as a ball or tire rolls on a flat surface. It is caused

mainly by the deformation of the object, the deformation of the surface, or both. Additional

contributing factors include wheel radius, forward speed, surface adhesion, and relative

micro-sliding between the surfaces of contact. It depends very much on the material of the

wheel or tire and the sort of ground.

For example, rubber will give a bigger rolling resistance than steel. Also, sand on the

ground will give more rolling resistance than concrete. A moving wheeled vehicle will

gradually slow down due to rolling resistance including that of the bearings, but a train

car with steel wheels running on steel rails will roll farther than a bus of the same mass

with rubber tires running on pavement. The coefficient of rolling resistance is generally

much smaller for tires or balls than the coefficient of sliding friction.


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